SM2BAT+在基于證據的蝙蝠活動生態評估調查力度確定方法中的應用
Abstract
Robust ecological assessments are fundamental for effective wildlife conservation. Owing to the high legal protection of bats, surveys are frequently required as part of ecological assessments. Yet there is uncertainty about the amount of survey effort that should be deployed to facilitate bat protection. Bat activity can be extremely variable, and capturing periods of high activity can be as important as estimating parameters such as the median activity level. However the frequency and intensity of surveys required to capture the required information is unknown. Here we assessed the probability that acoustic surveys of differing durations would detect periods of high activity within a focal site and the importance of a site relative to others in a regional or national context. We randomly subsampled from 660 nights of activity data collected from 33 wind farm sites across Britain. The minimum surveying effort required to classify bat activity accurately varied between species and was dependent on weather conditions. We found that the survey periods required to give reasonable cer tainty in assessing risk exceeded those currently recommended in Europe. The approach of using bat activity accumulation curves, as described here, is transferrable to other situations where determining surveying effort and risk is necessary to ensure that ecological assessments provide a robust evidence base, whilst minimising the time and expense of surveys.
摘要：
穩健的生態評估是有效保護野生動物的基礎。由于蝙蝠受到高度的法律保護，經常需要進行調查作為生態評估的一部分。然而，為促進蝙蝠保護而應投入的調查工作量尚不確定。蝙蝠活動可能變化極大，捕捉高活動期可能與估計活動水平中位數等參數同樣重要。然而，獲取所需信息所需的調查頻率和強度尚不清楚。在這里，我們評估了不同持續時間的聲學調查在焦點地點內檢測到高活動期的概率，以及在區域或國家背景下，一個地點相對于其他地點的重要性。我們從英國33個風電場收集的660個晚上的活動數據中隨機抽樣。準確分類蝙蝠活動所需的最小調查工作量因物種而異，并取決于天氣條件。我們發現，在評估風險時給予合理確定性所需的調查期超過了歐洲目前建議的調查期。如本文所述，使用蝙蝠活動累積曲線的方法可以轉移到其他情況，在這些情況下，有必要確定調查工作和風險，以確保生態評估提供強有力的證據基礎，同時最大限度地減少調查的時間和費用。
關鍵詞：SM2BAT+，Wildlife Acoustics，蝙蝠監測，動物聲學記錄，蝙蝠活動評估，野生動物監測
