標題：AZFP論文：從海冰到海豹：北極的一個系泊海洋生態系統觀測站
Abstract
Although Arctic marine ecosystems are changing rapidly, year-round monitoring is currently very limited and presents multiple challenges unique to this region. The Chukchi Ecosystem Observatory (CEO) described here uses new sensor technologies to meet needs for continuous, highresolution, and year-round observations across all levels of the ecosystem in the biologically productive and seasonally ice-covered Chukchi Sea off the northwest coast of Alaska. This mooring array records a broad suite of variables that facilitate observations, yielding better understanding of physical, chemical, and biological couplings, phenologies, and the overall state of this Arctic shelf marine ecosystem. While cold temperatures and 8 months of sea ice cover present challenging conditions for the operation of the CEO, this extreme environment also serves as a rigorous test bed for innovative ecosystem monitoring strategies. Here, we present data from the 2015–2016 CEO deployments that provide new perspectives on the seasonal evolution of sea ice, water column structure, and physical properties, annual cycles in nitrate, dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton blooms, and export, zooplankton abundance and vertical migration, the occurrence of Arctic cod, and vocalizations of marine mammals such as bearded seals. These integrated ecosystem observations are being combined with ship-based observations and modeling to produce a time series that documents biological community responses to changing seasonal sea ice and water temperatures while establishing a scientific basis for ecosystem management.
摘要：
盡管北極海洋生態系統正在迅速變化，但目前全年監測非常有限，并帶來了該地區特有的多重挑戰。這里描述的楚科奇生態系統觀測站（CEO）使用新的傳感器技術來滿足對阿拉斯加西北海岸生物生產力和季節性冰層覆蓋的楚科奇海各級生態系統進行連續、高分辨率和全年觀測的需求。該系泊陣列記錄了一系列有助于觀測的變量，從而更好地了解物理、化學和生物耦合、物候以及北極陸架海洋生態系統的整體狀態。盡管寒冷的氣溫和8個月的海冰覆蓋對首席執行官的運營構成了挑戰，但這種極端環境也是創新生態系統監測策略的嚴格試驗臺。在這里，我們展示了2015-2016年首席執行官部署的數據，這些數據為海冰的季節性演變、水柱結構和物理性質、硝酸鹽、溶解氧、浮游植物水華和出口的年度周期、浮游動物豐度和垂直遷移、北極鱈魚的出現以及胡須海豹等海洋哺乳動物的發聲提供了新的視角。這些綜合生態系統觀測正在與基于船舶的觀測和建模相結合，以產生一個時間序列，記錄生物群落對季節性海冰和水溫變化的反應，同時為生態系統管理奠定科學基礎。
關鍵詞：AZFP魚類浮游動物聲學剖面儀，系泊海洋生態系統觀測站，Echosounder 回聲探測儀，海洋魚類調查
